SECTION A
CAMEROON SINCE 1884
Question one is compulsory. Answer either 1A* or 1B* and one other question from this section.
1. Either
A* Study the following edited Extract taken from Eye Witness to the Annexation of Cameroon 1883-1887 and ABBIA (1975) and then answer questions (a-e) which follow. (the maximum mark for each sub-question is indicated in the brackets).
The race for the annexation involved Britain, Germany and a Third European country. All the countries had vested socio- economic interest in Cameroon. Though initially hesitant the British government later took the first bold step to annex the African territory.
Sooner than later the German government embarked on a similar mission. In April — a team of three German officials headed by the Imperial German Commissioner left Berlin for West Africa. Their first stop was [5]
Lisbon, Portugal where they were kept for almost a month before a final reason for their mission was defined.
The British government was called upon to co-operate with Nachtigal’s team — a team that arrived the Cameroon coast in a German warship
Two documents were signed at the time. The first was an expression of the wishes of the local chiefs on…. The second was a treaty between the Germans and the Douala kings.
Sovereignty over their land would be given to the Germans under certain conditions. [10]
The reactions to the signing of the second document were swift and uncompromising. While the people of ‘X Town’ welcomed the document, the people of ‘Y Town’ violently opposed it.
(a) (i)Which European country not mentioned in this extract was also involved in the scramble for Cameroon?
(ii) Name one Coastal town/area along the Cameroon coast where the economic activities of the country required in a (i) above were noticeable.
(iii) State two bold steps taken by Britain in the 1880s to annex Cameroon. (1+1+2) marks
(b) (i) Name the head of the German government who dispatched Nachtigal to Cameroon.
(ii) Who were the two German officials mentioned on line 4 who accompanied Nachtigal to Cameroon?
(iii) Suggest any two final instructions given to the team on this mission mentioned above? (1+2+2) marks
(c) (i) By what name is the first document popularly on line..9…known?
(ii) State both the month and the year the second document mentioned on line..10. was signed.
(iii) State two wishes expressed in the first document mentioned above by the chiefs. (1+2+2) marks
(d) (i) Give the name of the people of ‘X town’ who welcomed the signing of the second document.
(ii) Give two reasons why the people of ‘Y town’ violently reacted to their king signing the second document. (1+2) marks
(e) How did the British react to the signing of the second document? (3) marks
OR
B* Study the results and statistics of the plebiscite in Southern Cameroons in the 1960s and answer questions (a) to (d) which follow. (The maximum mark for each sub-question is indicated in brackets)
(a) (i) Write down the month and year that the plebiscite was held in Southern Cameroons.
(ii) Which International body organised the holding of the plebiscite?
(iii) Give two reasons why a plebiscite was held in the territory by the International body demanded in (a) (ii) above. (2+1+2) mark
(b) (i) State the two plebiscite questions posed by the International body mentioned above.
(ii) State the political party and its’ leader that campaigned for the people of Southern Cameroons to vote for Nigeria.
(iii) State the political party and its’ leader that campaigned for the people of Southern Cameroons to vote for re-unification with the Republic of Cameroon. (2+2+2) marks
(c) (i) What was the number of total votes recorded for Wum and Victoria Divisions respectively with reference to the Table I?
(ii) Select two divisions that voted to join Nigeria. (2+2) marks
(d) (i) What important event took place in July 1961 following the Southern Cameroons plebiscite results? (ii) Trace the political developments in Southern Cameroons from July 1961 to 1972. (1+4) marks
2. Why was Germany able to annex Cameroon in 1884? What methods were used to consolidate their rule and why did the Germans succeed to suppress resistance put up by natives by 1907? (7/7/6) marks
3. What internal factors led to the rise of nationalism in British Southern Cameroons after the Second World War? What steps were taken by Endeley and other nationalists to achieve (a) self- government by 1959 and (b) independence by 1961? (8/12) marks
4. What were the political and economic achievements of the Ahidjo regime from 1960 to 1982? What political and social changes have been introduced by President Paul Biya from 1982 to 2000 in the Cameroonian society? (5/5/5/5) marks
SECTION B
AFRICA SINCE 1884 (Excluding Cameroon)
5. What problems were encountered by European powers in the course of the scramble, occupation and penetration of the African continent? How did the Berlin West African Conference of 1884 and Brussels Conference of 1890 attempt to solve these problems? What were the reactions of the Africans to European colonialism? (7/7/6) marks
6. Explain why there was political, economic and social discontent and unrest in Kenya between 1945 and 1963 against the British. What role did the Mau Mau play and how were the British forced to address these problems and grant independence to Kenya by 1963? (8/6/6) marks
7. Write short notes on any four of the following African Regional organisations
(a) O A U (b) A D B (c) A U (d) C A F (e) ECOWAS CEMAC (5/5/5/5) marks
SECTION C
WORLD INDEPENDENCE SINCE 1870
8. What were the causes of the First World War? How did this war affect the peoples of the world? (10/ 10) marks
9. What were the main objectives of the League of Nations in 1920? How was the League of Nations organised to achieve these objectives? What successes did the League of Nations record during the years 1920 to 1929 regarding
(a) Settling international disputes (b) Promoting economic and humanitarian works. (5/5/5/5/) marks
10. Write short historical notes on any four of the following world topical issues
(a) Global warming (b) Sports (c) Refugees (d) Mass communication technology (e) HIV/ AIDS.