SECTION A
CAMEROON SINCE 1884
Question one is compulsory. Answer either 1A* or 1B and one other Question from this section.
1 Either
A* study this extract on the development in Cameroon during the years 1884 to 1916 and then answer questions (a) to (b) which follow (the maximum mark for each sub-question is indicated in brackets)
The Germans established a protectorate in Cameroon.. after having decided outmaneuvered the British diplomacy. Between 1884 and 1914, the expanded and consolidated their hold on the territory. By 1914, the Germans has successfully taken the first step towards uniting the coastal and inland ethnic groups into a single cohesive modern nation. When the First World War broke out… Allied forces invaded German Cameroon. The WAEF captured the town of Douala from the Germans. The Allied forces eventually captured Yaounde and besieged the German forces in the Mora fort. The departure of Zimmermann and Ebermaier signaled the end of German rule in Cameroon.
Following the defeat of German, Lancelot Oliphant and George Picot partitioned former German Cameroon
Source: southern Cameroons, 1922-1961 A Constitution History by victor Julius Ngoh
(a) (i) In which month and year did the Germans established a protectorate in Cameroon
(ii) A part from the British mentioned in the extract, name one other European power that was deceived by the Germans as indicated in the line..1.
(iii) Give the two ways by which the Germans consolidated their hold on the territory as state in line ..2 (1+2) marks
(b) (i) Identify an inland ethnic group that aided the Germans in achieving the task of uniting the Cameroonian people into a modern nation
(ii) Give the names of one coastal and one inland ethnic group the resisted the German moves of creating a modern nation, as described in line..3
(iii) Give the reasons why the tribes mentioned above in (bii) resisted the Germans (1+2+3) marks
(c) (i) write the full meaning of the word WAEF as mentioned in line ..4 and who was its commander?
(ii) Give the month and the year when the Zimmermann and Ebermaier left Cameroon making the end of German rule.
(d) (i) with reference to line..7, which countries did Lancelot Oliphant and George Picot represent during the partitioning during the partitioning of Cameroon
(ii) what were the effects of the partition on the inhabitants of Cameroon (2+4) marks
Or
B* study these two tables of statistics based on the results of political development in French Cameroon and British Southern Cameroon in the 1950s and 1960s respectively and answer questions (a) to (d) which follow. (the maximum mark for each sub-question is indicated in brackets)
Table 1: ATCAM ELECTION RESULTS S/N POLITICAL PARTIES NO OF SEATS
01. Union Cameroonaise (U.C): 30
02. Democrats Cameroonaise (DC): 20
03. Paysans Independent(PI): 09
04. Group d’action Nationale Cameroonaise (GANC): 08
05. Union des Populations du Cameroun (UPC): 06
06. Independent candidate: 03
TATBLE II: PLEBICITE RESULTS FOR SOUTHERN CAMEROONS TERRRITORY FOR NIGERIA FOR CAMEROON
A: 146.296 97.659 B: 97.741 233.571
(a) (i) In which year were the elections in table one conducted
(ii) With reference to table one, what number of seats were contested for the Assemblée Territorial du Cameroon
(iii) write the name of the political leader whose party won majority seats during the ATCAM Elections
(iv) Suggest two reasons why the UPC recorded no votes in table I (1+1+1+2) marks
(b) (i) Write down the year and the name of the new Assembly created to replace ATCAM after this election
(ii) which political party and its leader was called upon to become Prime Minister under the new arrangements governing the assembly, demanded in b (i) above
(iii) Give three reasons why the political career of the leader in b (ii) above was short lived? (2+2+3) marks
(c) (i) Give the year and the international organization that proclaimed the plebiscite results mentioned in table II
(ii) Give two reasons why this plebiscite was organized (2+2) marks
(d) (i) Give the name of the political party and its leader who won the plebiscite for territory B
(ii) Give two major events that occurred in territory B after the plebiscite (2+2) marks
2. (i) Describe the contributions of the German colonial Administration in the economic and social development of Cameroon from 1890-1916, in any two of the following areas:
(a) Agriculture (b) Education (c) Transport and Communication (d) Trade (e) Health
(ii) In what ways did Cameroonians benefit and also suffered serious setbacks during this period (5/5/10)
3. Trace the political events from 1939 to 1961 that led to the granting of self-rule and independence of Southern Cameroon. What did Foncha play in the creation of a modern Cameroon state by 1972? (10/10) marks
4. Write short historical notes on the reasons and results of any four of the following events
(a) The Foumban Conference of July 1961
(b) The creation of CNU in 1966
(c) The resignation of President Amadou Ahidjo in 1982
(d) The reintroduction of multiparty in 1990
(e) The University reforms of 1993 (5/5/5/5) marks
SECTION B
AFRICA SINCE 1884 (Excluding Cameroon)
5. (a) What factors made it easy for European penetration and occupation of Africa after the 1880s.
(b) What were the effects of European penetration and occupation on the African People? (8/12) marks
6. (a) Why Britain introduced the colonial policy of indirect rule in Nigeria?
(b) how was the policy carried out in Northern Nigeria
(c) state the merits and demerits of the policy to the people of Nigeria (5,5,5,5) marks
7. (a) Why was Apartheid introduced in South Africa in 1948
(b) in what ways did the policy affect the lives of the blacks in South Africa between 1948 and 1990
(c) describe the contributions made by Nelson Mandela to the dismantling of Apartheid between 1992and 1997(6/8/6) marks
SECTION C
THE WORLD diplomacy 1870
8. Write short notes on the reasons and results of any four of the following topics associated with the development of international diplomacy between 1870 and 1914
(a) Triple Alliance (b) Triple Entente (c) Arms race and naval build up (d) Colonial Rivalries
(e) Australian annexation of Bosnia Herzegovina (f) Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand (5/5/5/5)
9. What do you understand by the term Appeasement? How did Britain and France use this policy in the 1930s? Why did the policy fail by 1939 and what were the consequences of its failure (5/5/5/5) marks
10. What are the aims of the UNO? Describe the structure of the organization. What have been its major achievement since its creation? (6/8/6) marks